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Waste not, want not
Finding and eliminating hidden waste
- By Dave Petrack
- June 12, 2003
- Article
- Tube and Pipe Fabrication
How good are tube fabricators at finding hidden waste? Uncovering and eliminating hidden waste has as much to do with being profitable as any other manufacturing cost. We all know how to quote and define the structured costs involved in a job, but what can we do to take care of waste that continuously creeps into the picture, yet is not accounted for? When we do identify it, how thoroughly do we prevent it from recurring?
When a Process Goes Wrong
To understand how a simple mistake can cause waste to multiply and spread throughout a manufacturing environment, consider a simple incident: An order of tubing is cut to length, bent, end-formed, welded, and inspected. The inspection reveals that the tube was bent 2 degrees out of tolerance. In addition to the obvious waste, both in time and materials, this project has incurred many other forms of waste, many of them hidden:
- The machine operators had to spend some time to figure out where the problem started and what went wrong.
- Engineers took time away from other projects to determine if the parts would be usable or if they would have to be scrapped.
- The project manager had to make the dreaded phone call to the customer to ask if the existing parts would be acceptable and, if they would not, to inform the customer that the order would be shipped late.
- The purchaser had to order more tube.
- The company had to spend money on overtime to get the order finished as soon as possible.
- The scheduler had to move some other jobs around on the schedule to accommodate reworking this job.
- Breaking into a job that was currently running added costs to that job, too.
- The job that went wrong used supplies and tooling. The purchaser had to order more welding consumables, and engineers had to inspect the end forming tooling to see if it would complete the job. The purchaser would have to order more tooling if it was determined to be too worn to complete the job.
- The company held an interdepartmental meeting—again taking people away from other duties—to determine what could be done to prevent this type of problem in the future.
While it's true that we lump these costs into our overhead cost of doing business, if we took care at the beginning, a high percentage of such waste could have been eliminated. We all know how this affects the hourly burden rates for operation of the company. Continuous improvement in these areas will lead to more profits, better products, and satisfied customers.
In truth, we probably should have had the meeting—the last step in the process—before starting the job. It turns out we didn't have a very good checking fixture that the operators could use with ease to complete inspections as the tubes were processed. We failed to give our operators the proper equipment to prevent this problem.
This is a frustration production personnel often experience.
Sooner Rather than Later
It is well-known that every time a job is started incorrectly it's going to cost the company money. When we look at the number of people involved, it's easy to see why. Of course, the sooner a problem is caught, the less expensive it is to fix. The cost for tube fabricators generally is higher because of the many operations required to complete a job. The costs are incredible when we really analyze them, and the farther we get down the previous list, the more expensive the job gets. Costs can range from 110 percent to as high as 300 percent to complete a job if it's done wrong the first time, depending on how far into the job we were. Think about what this means to the company. We would have to run that job two more times before it would be profitable.
In addition, the increasing use of more expensive stainless steel and titanium means that the cost of material wasted also will increase, leading to additional expense every time the system fails. Getting rid of some hidden wastes can help prevent these expenses down the road.
How could this incident have been prevented? We simply should have spent a small amount of money on a better checking fixture.
About the Author
Dave Petrack
10 Tower Road P.O. Box 399
Winneconne, WI 54986
920-582-4491
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The Fabricator is North America's leading magazine for the metal forming and fabricating industry. The magazine delivers the news, technical articles, and case histories that enable fabricators to do their jobs more efficiently. The Fabricator has served the industry since 1970.
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